Is the Absence of Manual Lymphatic Drainage-Based Treatment in Lymphedema after Breast Cancer Harmful? A Randomized Crossover Study.

(1) Background: Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), included within the complex decongestive therapy, as a therapy for the treatment of lymphedema has raised controversy about its benefits for lymphedema after breast cancer. The aim of this research is to test the effects of MLD on lymphedema after breast cancer during the treatment maintenance phase. (2) Methods: A randomized, single-blinded, controlled crossover trial was conducted to analyze the effects of a manual lymphatic drainage intervention compared to a control group without MLD intervention for the treatment of lymphedema. Arm volume measured by circumference measurement, subcutaneous tissue thickness measured by ultrasound, and the sensation of pain, heaviness, and swelling were evaluated as outcome measures. (3) Results: For the control group, an increase in volume was found in some of the circumference and subcutaneous tissue thickness measurements, in addition to a worsening of arm pain, swelling and heaviness. (4) Conclusion: The absence of treatment based on MLD in lymphedema after breast cancer worsens volume measurements, as well as arm heaviness. Therefore, it would be advisable to carry out this type of therapy as part of the maintenance treatment for lymphedema in breast cancer.

[Physiotherapy in the sequelae of cesarean childbirth. A systematic review.] / Fisioterapia en las secuelas del parto por cesárea. Una revisión sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: Caesarean section is a surgical intervention that consists of the extraction of the fetus by abdominal route through the incision in the uterus. Like any surgical intervention, caesarean section is not exempt from complications and these can be classified as short-term (acute pain) and long-term (adhesions in the scar, lumbar and pelvic pain, intestinal obstruction and ectopic pregnancies). Physiotherapy has different tools to address these complications. The aim of this study was to review the scientific bibliography to know the effects of physiotherapy on patients who have given birth by cesarean section. METHODS: A search for articles was carried out during the month of December 2021 in the databases: PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Scopus, PEDro and WOS using the search terms Cesarean Section, Physical Therapy Modalities and Physical therapy. As an inclusion criterion, it was established that the type of study was a Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). RESULTS: A total of 280 articles were obtained, of which 9 were selected after applying the eligibility criteria. In them, the most used physiotherapy intervention was electrotherapy, followed by massage therapy and therapeutic exercise. Studies show effects of these forms of physiotherapy, with a determined duration and frequency, with improvements in pain, activities of daily living, comfort level, joint ranges and reduction in the consumption of analgesics. CONCLUSIONS: Physiotherapy has various modalities with which to attend complications after cesarean section, both in an immediate and a late phase, especially highlighting the reduction of pain.

OBJETIVO: La cesárea es una intervención quirúrgica que consiste en la extracción del feto por vía abdominal. Como cualquier intervención quirúrgica, la cesárea no está exenta de complicaciones y éstas se pueden clasificar en a corto plazo (dolor agudo) y a largo plazo (adherencias en la cicatriz, dolores lumbares y pélvicos, obstrucción intestinal y embarazos ectópicos). La fisioterapia cuenta con diferentes herramientas para abordar estas complicaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar la bibliografía científica para conocer los efectos de la fisioterapia en las consecuencias del parto por cesárea. METODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos durante el mes de diciembre de 2021 en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline, Cinahl, Scopus, PEDro y WOS empleando los términos de búsqueda Cesarean Section, Physical Therapy Modalities y Physical Therapy. Como criterio de inclusión se estableció que el tipo de estudio fuese Estudio Clínico Aleatorizado (ECA). RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron un total de 280 artículos, de los cuales 9 fueron seleccionados tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad. En ellos, la intervención más utilizada de fisioterapia fue electroterapia, seguida de masoterapia y ejercicio terapéutico. Los estudios arrojan efectos de estas formas de fisioterapia, con una duración y frecuencia determinada, con mejoras en el dolor, las actividades de la vida diaria, el nivel de comodidad, los rangos articulares y la reducción del consumo de analgésicos. CONCLUSIONES: La fisioterapia cuenta con diversas modalidades con las que atender tanto en una fase inmediata como en una tardía las complicaciones tras una cesárea, destacando especialmente la reducción del dolor.

Effects of therapeutic exercises in patients with lung cancer. A scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Smoking is one of the main risk factors associated with this cancer. Treatment will depend on the form of cancer and its stage, existing many therapeutic possibilities. In this regard, therapeutic exercise plays an important role in lung cancer care, as well as the pulmonary rehabilitation and respiratory physical therapy. PURPOSE: To review the current scientific literature about the effects of therapeutic exercise in lung cancer. METHOD: A search was carried out in CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science using de terms "Exercise Therapy" and "Lung Neoplasms". 141 studies were obtained, but only 19 were selected by adjusting to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 10 of them were randomized controlled trials with a Jadad score between 2 and 3. RESULTS: These works performed a large variety of interventions based on therapeutic exercise, classified in preoperative, postoperative, during treatment, post treatment and combination. Most focused on aerobic exercise, muscle strength and respiratory exercises. CONCLUSION: therapeutic exercise seems to be positive and obtain significant improvements in patients with lung cancer, regardless the moment of intervention and the type of exercise performed.

Efectos de la fisioterapia en asmáticos menores de 18 años

RESUMEN Introducción: El asma es el trastorno inflamatorio de las vías respiratorias inferiores más común durante la infancia. La acción de la fisioterapia en esta afección es reducir la frecuencia de los episodios y la intensidad de los síntomas. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de las diferentes técnicas de fisioterapia que se utilizan en pacientes asmáticos entre 0 y 18 años, en cuanto a la calidad de vida, la función pulmonar y la reducción de los síntomas. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica durante el mes de enero de 2021 en Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro y Cinahl. En todas ellas se utilizó como término de búsqueda "asthma". En Medline y Pubmed se empleó el término "physical therapy modalities", mientras que en las demás se utilizó "physical therapy". Análisis e integración de la información: La búsqueda inicial incluía 110 resultados con 7 artículos válidos tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad. Los estudios seleccionados desarrollan diferentes intervenciones de fisioterapia en niños y adolescentes con asma para tratar esta enfermedad. Encontramos gran heterogeneidad en los tratamientos utilizados y fueron los ejercicios respiratorios la técnica más empleada. Conclusiones: Los procedimientos de fisioterapia producen efectos positivos en el control del asma en los pacientes asmáticos entre 0 y 18 años. La combinación de ejercicios respiratorios con otras técnicas como la sofrología o terapia salina en el tratamiento de esta afección tiene buenos resultados. Los ejercicios respiratorios mejoran la capacidad muscular respiratoria, disminuida en estos pacientes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Asthma is the most common inflammatory disorder of the lower respiratory tract during childhood. The action of physiotherapy in this condition is to reduce the frequency of episodes and the intensity of symptoms. Objective: Analyze the effects of the different physiotherapy techniques used in asthmatic patients between 0 and 18 years old, in terms of quality of life, lung function and symptoms reduction. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted during January 2021 in Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro and Cinahl. In all of them, "asthma" was used as a search term. Medline and Pubmed used the term "physical therapy modalities", while the others used "physical therapy". Analysis and integration of information: The initial search included 110 results with 7 valid articles after applying the eligibility criteria. The selected studies develop different physiotherapy interventions in children and adolescents with asthma to treat this disease. It was found great heterogeneity in the treatments used and breathing exercises were the most used technique. Conclusions: Physiotherapy procedures produce positive effects on asthma control in asthmatic patients between 0 and 18 years. Combining breathing exercises with other techniques such as sophrology or saline therapy in the treatment of this condition has good results. Breathing exercises improve respiratory muscle capacity, which is decreased in these patients.

[Effects of physical therapy by means of exercise therapy on schizophrenia patients. A systematic review.] / Efectos de la fisioterapia mediante ejercicio terapéutico en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Una revisión sistemática.

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness that, in addition to its own psychopathology, causes cognitive, physical, metabolic, affective and social deterioration. The aim of this systematic review was to set up the effects on the bio-psycho-social state of exercise therapy in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: A systematic review was carried out in January 2021, based on a search strategy in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Cinhal and SportsDiscus. Moreover, bibliographies of articles and reviews related to the topic under study were consulted. Studies published in the last 5 years were identified, randomized clinical trials, with full access in English, which included interventions with therapeutic exercise and the evaluation of the effects they produce in patients with schizophrenia. RESULTS: From 125 articles identified, 13 that fitted the criteria and the topic under study were finally included. In these cases, the most commonly used exercise therapy intervention is aerobic exercise, as well as yoga and tai chi. As aerobic exercise alternatives, pilates, stretching, toning and balance exercises have also been used. Studies showed effects of this type of exercise therapy, on a specific duration and frequency, with improvements in psychopathology, physical status, cognitive status, social functioning and functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise therapy, mainly aerobic exercise, benefits patients with schizophrenia as a complement to pharmacological treatment by producing beneficial effects at the physical, cognitive, psychopathological and social levels.

OBJETIVO: La esquizofrenia es una enfermedad mental crónica que además de la psicopatología propia, cursa con deterioro cognitivo, físico, metabólico, afectivo y social. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue establecer cuáles son los efectos sobre el estado bio-psico-social del ejercicio terapéutico en pacientes con esquizofrenia. METODOS: En el mes de enero de 2021, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Cinhal y SportsDiscus, y se consultó bibliografía de artículos y revisiones relacionadas con el tema a estudio. Se identificaron estudios publicados en los últimos 5 años, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con acceso a texto completo y en inglés que incluyeran intervenciones con ejercicio terapéutico y evaluaran los efectos que éstas producen en pacientes con esquizofrenia. RESULTADOS: De los 125 artículos identificados se incluyeron finalmente 13 que se ajustan a los criterios y el tema a estudio. En ellos la intervención más utilizada de ejercicio terapéutico fue el ejercicio aeróbico, así como el yoga y el taichi, como alternativas de control también se utilizaron el ejercicio aeróbico, pilates, ejercicios de estiramientos, tonificación y equilibrio. Los estudios arrojan efectos de estas formas de ejercicio terapéutico, con una duración y frecuencia determinada, con mejoras en la psicopatología, estado físico, estado cognitivo, funcionamiento social y capacidad funcional. CONCLUSIONES: El ejercicio terapéutico, principalmente el aeróbico, beneficia a los pacientes con esquizofrenia como complemento al tratamiento farmacológico al producir efectos beneficiosos a nivel físico, cognitivo, psicopatológico y social.

Actualización de los tratamientos para el cólico del lactante

RESUMEN Introducción: El cólico del lactante es un cuadro caracterizado por llanto repetitivo y continuado con dificultad para calmarse. Su origen no está definido, lo cual obstaculiza la existencia de un tratamiento de éxito. Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias científicas más actuales acerca de los tratamientos existentes y susceptibles de usar en el cólico del lactante. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Cinhal, Medline y Scopus utilizando los descriptores, "Infant", "Colic", "Therapeutics" y la palabra clave "Treatment". Se obtuvieron 97 resultados totales, de los cuales resultaron ser válidos 15. Análisis e integración de la información: La finalidad común de los trabajos analizados es la disminución de la sintomatología del cólico del lactante, centrándose en la disminución del llanto, con tratamientos que van desde la administración de dosis orales de probióticos, hierbas medicinales y homeopatía, hasta el tratamiento con estímulos físicos como la terapia cráneo-sacra, la acupuntura, el masaje o la reflexología. Conclusiones: Existen múltiples tratamientos para el cólico del lactante, pero no se puede afirmar que uno sea más eficaz que los demás.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Infant colic is a condition characterized by repetitive and continuous crying with difficulty calming down. Its origin is not defined, which hinders the existence of a successful treatment. Objective: To analyze the most current scientific evidence on the existing treatments that can be used in infant colic. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in Cinhal, Medline and Scopus databases using the descriptors, "Infant", "Colic", "Therapeutics" and the keyword "Treatment". Ninety-seven total results were obtained, 15 of them were valid. Analysis and integration of information: The common purpose of the studies analyzed is to reduce the symptoms of colic in infants, focusing on reducing crying, treatments ranged from the administration of oral doses of probiotics, medicinal herbs and homeopathy, to treatment with physical stimuli such as cranio-sacral therapy, acupuncture, massage or reflexology. Conclusions: There are multiple treatments for infant colic but it cannot be said that one is more effective than the others.

Early 3-month treatment with comprehensive physical therapy program restores continence in urinary incontinence patients after radical prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

AIMS: The objective of this study is to ascertain whether an early three-month treatment with electrotherapy and biofeedback restores continence in urinary incontinence patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: Design: The study performed a randomized, controlled trial of parallel and open groups. Configuration: Secondary care, urology department of a university hospital complex. PARTICIPANTS: Patients sent for RP due to prostate cancer (n = 60), 47 patients finally completed the study. INTERVENTIONS: The treatment group (TG) received physiotherapy consisting of electrotherapy and biofeedback, 3 days a week for 3 months, while the control group (CG) received no specific treatment. Both groups received a guide to perform pelvic floor exercises at home. The measurement instruments used were the 1- and 24-hour pad tests and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form. The recording method used was a micturition (urinary) diary. RESULTS: The results of the 1-hour pad test (PT) show statistically significant differences between groups at 3 months (P = .001) and 6 months (P = .001), in favor of those in the TG. Sixty-four percent of patients in the TG recovered continence as against 9.1% in the CG after 3 months in the 1-hour PT, in line with the objective of this study. CONCLUSIONS: An early physiotherapy program helps RP patients with urinary incontinence recover continence after 3 months. Moreover, they lead a better quality life.